- آب اگر صد پاره گردد باز هم آشناست (MZ 7)
Even if divided in hundred parts, water always gathers again.
– پاره = piece, part, bit; torn
– باز = again; open
– آشنا = familiar
- آسمان بینک آخر در چاه می افتد (MZ 11)
Looking at heaven, he fell into a well.
– بینک = from bini (بینی) “nose” + ak (diminutive) = small nose
– آخر = in the end
– چاه = well
- آهن با آهن بریده می شود (MZ 13)
Iron is cut off by iron.
– آهن = iron
– بریده = from بریدن (to cut)
- از تو حرکت، از خدا برکت (MZ 18)
From you the initiative, from God the blessing.
– حرکت = movement, initiative
– برکت = blessing
– مبارک = blessed
– تولدت مبارک = Happy Birthday!
– مبارك باشد = Congratulations!
– تبریک گفتن = to congratulate
- از خدا نترس، بترس (MZ 18)
Fear the one who does not fear God.
- از یک گل بهار نمیشود (MZ 21)
One flower does not make a spring.
- به الوا گفتن دان شیرین نمیشه (MZ 31)
A mouth cannot get sweet by saying “sweet”.
– الوا = same as حلوا (a Middle Eastern sweet made out of butter, flour and sugar)
Note: the h sometimes gets deleted in Afghan dialects
– دان = same as دهان , see note above
– نمیشه = formal نمیشود
- به تنگ آمد به جنگ آمد (MZ 31)
Drastic ills need drastic remedies.
(lit.: When it gets tight, it gets nasty/violent) – own translation
– تنگ = tight
– جنگ = war
- به حال آنکسی می باید بگریست که دخلش نوزده وخرجش بود بیست (MZ 31)
The one whose incomes amount to 19 and expenditures to 20 is a wretched one.
– آن کسی = آنکسی (= that one, that person)
– گریست) گریستن) = to cry, to weep
– دخلش = from دخل = “income” + ش (esh / ash) “his”
- با خدا باش تا خدا با تو باشد (MZ 32)
Be with God, so that God be with you.
- بخت که برگردد حلوا دندان می شکند (MZ 37)
When luck turns its back on you, a halvā (a sweet) breaks the teeth.
- بدزد بگویند دزدی کن و بصاحب خانه بگویند خانه را نگهدار (MZ 38)
They say to the thief: “Steal!”, and to the owner: “Protect your house!”.
– بدزد = should be به دزد
- پای مار چشم مور و خیر ملا کس ندید (MZ 45)
No one has ever seen the leg of a snake, nor the eye of an ant, nor an entertainment by a mullah.
– مورچه / مور = ant
– خیر = well, good, benefit, handout
- پنج انگشت برادرند و برابر نه (MZ 50)
The five fingers are brothers, but are not equal.
- پولدار را کباب، بی پول را دود کباب (MZ 51)
The roast to the rich, the smoke to the poor.
– دود = smoke
- تا تنور گرم است باید نان پخت (MZ 61)
Bake the bread as long as the oven is hot.
– تنور = oven
- تدبیر کند بنده، تقدیر کند خنده (MZ 63)
Man plans, fate laughs.
– تدبیر = plan, design, measure
– بنده = lit.: slave, servant; here: man, human
– تقدیر = fate, destiny; appreciation, thank
- تخم دزد آخر مرغ دزد می شود (MZ 63)
The egg thief at last became a poultry thief.
- توانگری به علم است نه به مال
بزرگی به عقل است نه به سال (MZ 68)
Wealth is in knowledge, not in possessions;
Greatness depends on the mind, not on age.
– توانگری = properity, wealth
– علم = knowledge, science
- تیشه به ریشه ای خود می زند (MZ 70)
He hits with the axe on his own roots.
– تیشه = ax
- جان جوری پادشاهی است (MZ 73)
Good health is like a kingdom.
– جان جوری = health
from: جور = Dari for good, healthy
– پادشاهی = kingdom
- جایی که نمک خوری نمکدان مشکن (MZ 74)
Wherever you eat salt don’t break the saltcellar.
– مشکن = alternative to نشکن
- جگر شیر نداری سفر عشق مکن (MZ 74)
If you are not lion-hearted don’t fall in love.
– جگر = lit.: liver, but metaphorically speaking “heart”, can also mean “sweetheart”
– سفر عشق = lit.: the journey of love
– مکن = see above (alternative to نكن)
- جنگل بی شغال نیست (MZ 75)
There is no forest without jackals.
– شغال = jackal
- جنگل که در گرفت تر وخشک میسوزد (MZ 75)
When a forest is on fire, wet and dry wood burn together.
(The innocent suffer with the guilty)
– در گرفتن = to be kindled
– تر = wet, moist
- چاره سازان در علاج کار خود بی چاره اند (MZ 84)
Providers of remedy are helpless in self-cure.
– چاره = remedy; alternative
– ساز- = suffix meaning “builder, maker” from (ساختن (ساز “to build”
– بی چاره = helpless, poor, wretched
- چراغ پیش آفتاب پرتوی ندارد (MZ 85)
A lamp has no light in presence of the sun.
– پرتوی = ray, radial
- چراغ پیش پای خودش را نمی بیند (MZ 85)
A lamp cannot see what is before its own food.
- چندان سمن است که یاسمن پیدا نیست (MZ 87)
There are so many jasmines, that one cannot find them.
– چندان = so much, so many
- چیزی که عیان است چه حاجت به بیان است؟ (MZ 89)
When something is clear, what need is there for explanations?
– عیان = clear, evident (from Arabic عين = “eye”)
– حاجت = need, want, wish
– احتیاج = need
– بیان = expression, statement, explanation
- خربوزه خربوزه را دیده رنگ می گیرد (MZ 98)
A melon gets colour after having seen another melon.
– خربزه / خربوزه = netted melon
- دایه دلسوزتر از مادر و کاسه داغتر از آش (MZ 103)
The stepmother is more compassionate than the mother, and the soup-plate is hotter than the soup!
– دایه = nurse, nursemaid
– دلسوز = compassionate, sympathetic (from دل سوختن “burning the heart”)
– کاسه = bowl, cup
– داغ = hot (for water, food, etc (not the weather))
– آش = Persian noodle soup
- دروغ مصلحت آمیز به ز راست فتنه اتگیز (MZ 106)
A helpful lie is better than an inciting truth.
– مصلحت = benefit, interest
– مصلحت آمیز = worthwhile, beneficient
– فتنه = seduction, temptation
– فتنه اتگیز = seducing, inciting
- آب اگر صد پاره کردد باز هم آشناست (MZ 7)
Even if divided in hundred parts, water always gathers again.
– پاره = piece, part, bit; torn
– باز = again; open
– آشنا = familiar
- دلاکان که بیکار میشوند سر همدیگر را میتراشند (MZ 118)
Barbers who have nothing to do shave one another’s heads.
– دلاک = barber, masseur; (more common سلماني )
– (تراشیدن (تراش = to shave
- ده می بینی و فرسنگ می پرسی (MZ 126)
You see the village and still you ask how far it is.
– فرسنگ = “Parsang”, unit of lenght equal to 6 km
- ذایقه ای دهن خود را گم کرده (MZ 131)
He has lost the taste of his mouth. (He is not interested in anything at all)
– ذایق = flavour, taste
- زبانم مو در آورد (MZ 135)
My tongue has put on hair. (I’ve got tired by giving repeated advices)
- ذوق گل چیدن اگر داری سوی گلزار برو (MZ 131)
If you wish to pick flowers go to a rose garden.
– ذوق = taste, liking, zeal
– (چیدن (چين = to pick, to pluck
– سوی = to, towards
– گلزار = rose garden
- زخم سنان بر تن است زخم زبان بر جان (MZ 135)
A strike of a sword hurts the body, a strike of words hurts the soul.
– سنان = spear
– تن = body, flesh
– تندرست = healthy, well, fit
- زور قالب ندرد (MZ 138)
Strength has no form.
– قالب = format, cast, template, shape
– ندرد = should be ندارد
- سگ خانه بشو کوچک خانه نشو (MZ 148)
Better the head of a dog than the tail of a lion.
- سیر از گرسنه خبر ندارد (MZ 150)
A full man does not understand a hungry one.
– گرسنه = hungrig, Tehrani گشنه
- شب گربه سمور است (MZ 151)
At night all cats are grey.
(lit.: At night a cat is a sable (see picture))
– سمور = sable (marten species)
- شیر مرغ و جان آدم (MZ 154)
Hen’s milk and man’s soul. (Both are extremely rare objects)
- صبر تلخ است و لیکن بر شیرین دارد (MZ 155)
Patience is bitter but its fruits are sweet.
– و لیکن = Tehrāni اما، ولي
- صد دايهٔ مهربان به مدار نرسد (MZ 155)
One hundred kind nurses cannot equal one mother.
– (رسيدن (رس = to reach
- طفل کلان کردن شهر آباد کردن است (MZ 159)
Raising a child means improving a town.
– طفل = child (= بچه )
– كلان = big; Tehrāni: بزرگ
– کلان کردن = to raise
– آباد = improved; flourishing; inhabited (thus city names as “Hyderabad”, “Jalalabad”, “Islamabad”, etc)
- ظرفيت هر شخص بقدر دانش است (MZ 161)
Everyone’s capacity is in proportion to one’s knowledge.
– ظرفيت = capacity, valence
– ظرف = bowl, container, dish
– دانش = knowledge, wisdom
- غم جدید غم کهنه را برد از یاد (MZ 166)
New sorrows drive away the old ones.
– کهنه = old
– از ياد بردن = to make forget
- فیل خریدی فیل خانه بساز (MZ 169)
Once you have bought an elephant, build a house for an elephant.
- قدر زر زرگر میداند قدر جوهر جوهری (MZ 171)
A goldsmith knows the value of gold, and a jeweller knows the value of jewels.
– قدر = value, worth, merit
– قدرت = power, strength
– زر = gold (also: طلا )
– زرگر = goldsmith
- کلاغ خواست راه رفتن کبک را بیا مورزد، راه رفن خودرا هم فراموش کرد (MZ 177)
A crow wanted to learn walking like a partridge, not only did he fail but he also forgot his own way of walking.
– کلاغ = crow
– کبک = patridge
– (آموختن (آمورز = to learn
- کار نیکو کردن از کار پر کردن است (MZ 175)
To do a good job means to complete it.
– نیک = good, excellent, nice
– نیک را = نیکو
– پر = full; complete
- کل اگه طبیب باشه، سر کل خوده دوا کنه (MZ 177)
If a bald man becomes a doctor, may he cure his baldness.
– کل = bald, bald man
– دوا = medicine, remedy
- کلال ده کوزهٔ شکسته او می خوره (MZ 178)
The potter drinks water from a broken vessel.
– کوزه = jug, jar
– او = Tehrāni آب
- گرسنه ایمان ندارد (MZ 184)
A hungry man has no faith.
– ایمان = faith, belief
- گوش تو دو دادند و زبان تو یکی (MZ 185)
You were given two ears but one tongue (for a reason).
- لیلی نر بود یا ماده؟ (MZ 188)
Was Leila a boy or a girl? (a stupid question)
– نر = male; bull
– ماده = female, woman
- ماماچه که دوتا میشود سر بچه کج درمیاید (MZ 842)
Two midwives make the child’s head come out crooked.
– ماما / ماماچه = midwife
– کج = crooked
- مستی وراستی (MZ 192)
In drunkenness is honesty.
- نان و پیاز، پیشنای باز (MZ 196)
Bread and onion, open front. (To be simple and sincere)
– پیشانی = forehead
- نوش با نیش است (MZ 197)
Nectar is obtained with a sting.
– نوش = drink, nectar; enjoyment, pleasure
– نوشیدن = to drink
– نوش کردن = to enjoy a drink
– نوش جان = Bon appetit!
– نیش = bite, sting
- نیم حکیم خطر جان، نیم ملا خطر ایمان (MZ 197)
A half-physician is dangerous to the body, and a half-mullah is dangerous to faith.
– حکیم = wise, medicine man
- وقت منتظر کس نمی ماند (MZ 200)
Time does not wait for anyone.
- هر که را طاووس باید جور هندوستان کشد (MZ 202)
I was told this is wrong and it should read: هر که طاووس خواهد جور هندوستان کشد
Who wants to have a peacock should suffer the travel to India.
– طاووس = peacock
– جور (jawr) = hardship, suffering, tyranny
- هر گردی گردو نیست (MZ 202)
Not every round thing is a walnut.
– گرد = round
- یا مکن با پیلبانان دوستی یا بنا کن خانهٔ در خورد پیل (MZ 208)
Either don’t make friends with elephant-drivers, or build a house fit for an elephant.
- یک سیب بیندازی بهوا صد چرخ میخورد (MZ 209)
A thrown up apple makes hundred turns.
(You never know on which side it will land)
- یک شهر، دو نرخ؟ (MZ 209)
One town, and two prices? (Law must be equal for all)
- نه سیخ بسوزه نه کباب
Neither the skewer gets hot, nor the kebab.
(He, who wants to eat kebab must deal with the hot skewer.)
- حسنی به مکتب نمیرفت, وقتی میرفت جمعه میرفت
Hassani didn’t go to school but when he did he went on Fridays (school is closed on Fridays in Iran).
Hassani ging nie zur Schule und wenn er doch ging, dann ging er an Freitagen (an Freitagen sind Schulen im Iran geschlossen).
MZ = Mostapha Zaher and Nadir Mohammad. The Wisdom of Afghanistan. Afghan Proverbs in Pashto and Dari. Rome 2004